Mokoro Ltd

Public Financial Management

The quality of public financial management is increasingly seen as critical to more effective governance, through increasing its accountability to the population for the use of public resources and promoting greater transparency of budget decisions.

Mokoro and PFM
at a Glance


• Supporting MoFs to design and strengthen strategic budgeting processes, incl MTEFs
• Undertaking PEFA assessments and follow-up recommendations
• PFM diagnoses, including for PEIRs
• Advice on decentralised budget operations
• Strengthening macro-fiscal frameworks
• Expenditure policy reviews
• PFM research studies
• Training workshops

As development partners increase their levels of budget support, the effectiveness of PFM systems is being put under greater scrutiny. At the same time, many governments are looking to use their national budgets more effectively to promote overall growth and development as well as specific socio-economic aims. In particular, as governments aim to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of their spending to meet specific policy goals, such as MDGs, PRSPs, or national development strategies, they are seeking ways to improve the targeting of their resources, both through making their budget allocations more strategic and by ensuring that the supporting budget systems facilitate the implementation of budgetary resources as intended.

Mokoro supports the principles behind the Strengthened Approach to PFM reform, including:

  1. Facilitate and encourage country leadership in setting/managing the PFM reform strategy and action plan.
  2. Conduct diagnostic work in an integrated and co-ordinated manner, with the timing and scope determined largely by country needs.
  3. Be weighted toward supporting PFM reform implementation reforms and capacity building rather than detailed diagnostic analysis, add value to Government budget and reform processes, and be aligned with Government decision-making cycles.
  4. Be framed within a multi-year horizon, sequenced around agreed priorities, and built upon a coordinated donor approach.
  5. Be linked to a robust monitoring and evaluation framework that clearly articulates the gains in PFM system performance that are sought or achieved.

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Mokoro Experience

Mokoro has a strong reputation for providing technical support and consultancy services on public financial management issues, particularly in the areas of strategic budgeting and reviews of PFM systems. Our experience in public financial management includes direct collaboration with government officials, diagnostic analysis, and the implementation of reform programmes.

It is now more widely recognised that efforts to apply generic principles that seem to have proved effective in some OECD and developing country contexts are often ignored or ineffective because of failure to understand local situations. Our long experience of working with and for developing and transition country governments puts us in a strong position to understand the importance of local context and to work with local actors to develop appropriate recommendations. Our approach emphasises working closely with recipient governments, often over a sustained period of time, and taking as our starting point a government's current position in its reform programme and identifying the realistic steps needed to reach a given objective.

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Recent Mokoro Work

Cross-Country Study of Impact of PEFA Assessments (2008)
Study formed part of the on-going monitoring of the PEFA framework. For a selection of country case studies, the study analysed how both governments and development partners have used the results of their PEFA assessments and then went on to identify the factors behind these effects and what lessons may be learnt. The report is available here. Client: PEFA Steering Committee.

Moldova: Strengthening of MTEF (2004-2008)
Mokoro has fielded a team of international and local consultants to assist the Government of Moldova since 2002/3 to develop and strengthen its medium-term expenditure framework. Central to the success of the MTEF has been the embedding of the local team within the Ministry of Finance, facilitated by international expertise in providing overall guidance and in specific areas. Client: DFID.

Papua New Guinea (2005-2007)
Regular joint assessment on progress on the Government's Public Expenditure Review and Rationalisation Programme (PERR). Consultant responsible for making recommendations to improve financial management and re-focus the PERR programme on financial management. Client: World Bank.

PFM training for Irish Aid staff (Lesotho and Zambia) (2007)
Joint preparation and delivery of 4-day training course in Maseru, focusing on public finance management and aid effectiveness. Client: Irish Aid.

Ghana: Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability (PEFA) Assessment (2006)
As part of a wider World Bank External Review of PFM (ERPFM) team, consultant assisted the Government of Ghana to undertake a baseline Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability (PEFA) assessment of its public financial management system. Client: World Bank, DFID-funded (part of wider multi-donor-funded ERPFM framework).

For the longer list of Mokoro assignments see Projects page.

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